{"id":2500,"date":"2019-02-25T22:46:21","date_gmt":"2019-02-25T19:46:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/?p=2500"},"modified":"2019-02-28T19:29:00","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T16:29:00","slug":"hocali-katliam-degildir-soykirimdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/hocali-katliam-degildir-soykirimdir\/","title":{"rendered":"Hocal\u0131 Katliam De\u011fildir, SOYKIRIMDIR"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ramiya Mammadova<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBM’ye g\u00f6re Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cUlusal, etnik, \u0131rksal ve dinsel bir gurubun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn, ya da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yok edilmesi niyeti ile giri\u015filen \u015fu hareketlerden herhangi biridir Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Grubun \u00fcyelerinin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Grubun \u00fcyelerine ciddi bedensel, ya da zihinsel hasar verilmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Grubun ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n, gurubun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne ya da bir k\u0131sm\u0131na getirece\u011fi y\u0131k\u0131m hesaplanarak kasti olarak bozulmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. Grubun i\u00e7inde do\u011fumlar\u0131 engelleyecek y\u00f6ntemlerin uygulanmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n
  5. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n zorla bir guruptan al\u0131n\u0131p bir di\u011ferine verilmesi\u201d \u2013 Bunlar Hocal\u0131da ya\u015fand\u0131 m\u0131? Ya\u015fand\u0131! Peki, neden soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fil de, \u201ckatliam\u201d diyorlar? Evet, Hocal\u0131da yap\u0131lanlar, bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r!<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    200 y\u0131l boyunca Azerbaycan halk\u0131, Ermeni milliyet\u00e7i-\u015foven islerin etnik temizleme ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131na maruz kald\u0131. Y\u00fcz binlerle Azerbaycanl\u0131 tarihi topraklar\u0131ndan kovuldu, m\u00fcltecilere, yerlerinden edilmi\u015f ki\u015filere d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve on binlerle ki\u015fi Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan katledildi. Azerbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n tarihi ve etnik topraklar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 Sovyet d\u00f6neminde de devam etmi\u015f, 1948-1953 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Ermenistan’dan 150.000 Azerbaycanl\u0131, Azerbaycan’\u0131n Kur-Araz ovas\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    1988’de 250.000 Azerbaycanl\u0131, Ermenistan’\u0131 mono-etnik bir devlet yapan topraklar\u0131ndan at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1988’de Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f \u00e7evresinde ba\u015flayan olaylar, k\u00f6ylerin, \u015fehirlerin, on binlerce masum insan\u0131n ve y\u00fcz binlerce Azerbaycanl\u0131n\u0131n, Ermeni ideologlar\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n ve uzaktaki Ermeni valelerinin yard\u0131m\u0131 ile \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u201d fikrini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden oldu. B\u00fct\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131 hukuk normlar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’\u0131 birle\u015ftirmek, katliam ve \u015fiddete haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek istiyor. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n trajedisi Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, bu sald\u0131rgan ve cezai Ermeni politikas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucudur. Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu trajedi, yaln\u0131zca Azerbaycan halk\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in en ciddi su\u00e7lardan biri olan t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in de kabul edilmektedir. Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, Kat\u0131n, Hiro\u015fima, Nagazaki ve Soneyi gibi y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n korkun\u00e7 trajedilerine dayanmakta. Hocal\u0131 \u015fehri, Azerbaycan’\u0131n Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f b\u00f6lgesinde stratejik \u00f6neme sahip bir b\u00f6lge olarak Ermenilerin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Hocal\u0131, Hankendi\u2019nin 12 km do\u011fusunda, A\u011fdam-\u015eu\u015fa ve Askeran-Hankenti yollar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yordu. \u015eehrin \u00f6neminin nedenlerinden biri de Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’da bulunan tek havaalan\u0131 konumuydu. Bu nedenle, Ermeni silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin as\u0131l amac\u0131 Hocal\u0131dan ge\u00e7en Askeran-Hankendi yolunu kontrol etmek ve Hocal\u0131daki havaalan\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmekti.<\/p>\n

    Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00f6zel bir planla i\u015flenen Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ermeniler, bu eski Azerbaycan yerle\u015fimini ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in vah\u015fice sine, insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yapt\u0131lar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Hocal\u0131, Azerbaycan’\u0131n antik d\u00f6nemlerinden biri olarak, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel an\u0131tlara sahip bir kentti, 11 bin 600 ki\u015filik n\u00fcfusa sahipti.<\/p>\n

    Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndan 4 ay \u00f6nce, yani 1991 Ekim ay\u0131 sonlar\u0131nda t\u00fcm yollar kente kapat\u0131ld\u0131 ve Hocal\u0131 ku\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, 2 Ocak’ta Hocal\u0131da elektrikler kesildi. B\u00f6ylece Hocal\u0131, Azerbaycan’\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleriyle olan ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 koparm\u0131\u015f oldu. Hocal\u0131ya sadece helikopterlerle ula\u015f\u0131m sa\u011flamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ancak birka\u00e7 ay sonra Hocal\u0131 ile helikopter ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 da kesildi. Yani, 28 Ocak 1992’de A\u011fdamdan \u015eu\u015faya u\u00e7an, sivil halka yard\u0131m g\u00f6t\u00fcren Mi-8 helikopteri \u015fehre ula\u015famad\u0131 ve Halhal\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcnde Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan vuruldu. M\u00fcrettebat\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcyesi ve 41 yolcu \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bundan sonra Ermeni ordusu, Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’da ya\u015fayan son Azerbaycanl\u0131 yerle\u015fim yerlerinden birini i\u015fgal etti. 1991’in sonunda, Tugba, \u0130marat-Garvand, Sarkavand, Me\u015fali, Jamil, Umudlu, Karkijahan ve di\u011fer stratejik \u00f6neme sahip k\u00f6yler de dahil olmak \u00fczere Karaba\u011f’\u0131n da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgesinde 30’dan fazla yerle\u015fim yeri Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131ld\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 ve ya\u011fmaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Karaba\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda 26 \u015eubat 1992 tarihinde Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f b\u00f6lgesindeki Hocal\u0131 kasabas\u0131nda ya\u015fanan ve Azeri sivillerin Ermenistan\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 kuvvetler taraf\u0131ndan toplu \u015fekilde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi olay\u0131d\u0131r. Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin 1991\u2019in sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru ablukaya ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hocal\u0131, 936 kilometrekarelik alana sahipti. 2 bin 605 ailenin, 11 bin 356 ki\u015finin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kasaba olan Hocal\u0131\u2019da Aral\u0131k 1991\u2019de Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti olarak kabul edilen Hankendi \u015fehrini i\u015fgal eden Ermeniler daha sonra Hocal\u0131\u2019y\u0131 hedef ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

    \u201cMemorial\u201d \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Savunma Merkezi, \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u0130zleme \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, The New York Times gazetesi ve Time dergisine g\u00f6re katliam, Ermenistan’\u0131n ve 366. Motorize Piyade Alay\u0131’n\u0131n deste\u011findeki Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, Karaba\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131nda Ermeni kuvvetlere komutanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f bir \u00f6nceki Ermenistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Serj Sarkisyan ve Markar Melkonyan’\u0131n aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re karde\u015fi Monte Melkonyan, katliam\u0131n Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir intikam oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u0130zleme \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, Hocal\u0131 Katliam\u0131’n\u0131 Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’\u0131n i\u015fgalinden bu yana ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen en kapsaml\u0131 sivil katliam\u0131 olarak nitelendirmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti’nin resm\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na g\u00f6re sald\u0131r\u0131da 106’s\u0131 kad\u0131n, 83’\u00fc \u00e7ocuk olmak \u00fczere toplam 613 Azerbaycanl\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7leri 1992 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 25 \u015eubat\u0131 26 \u015eubat’ta ba\u011flayan gecede b\u00f6lgedeki 366. Alay\u0131n da deste\u011fi ile \u00f6nce giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kapad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hocal\u0131 kasabas\u0131nda, Azeri resm\u00ee kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re, 83 \u00e7ocuk, 106 kad\u0131n ve 70’den fazla ya\u015fl\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere toplam 613 sakin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, toplam 487 ki\u015fi a\u011f\u0131r yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1275 ki\u015fi ise rehin al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve 150 ki\u015fi ise kaybolmu\u015ftur. Cesetler \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan incelemelerde cesetlerin bir\u00e7o\u011funun yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6zlerinin oyuldu\u011fu, ba\u015flar\u0131 kesildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hamile kad\u0131nlar ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n da maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n en eski yerle\u015fim yerlerinden biri olan Hocal\u0131 bir gece de y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p yak\u0131ld\u0131. Bu trajedi, t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 bir su\u00e7tur. Zaten Ermeni silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin ve paral\u0131 askerlerinin, \u015fehri ve \u00e7evresini terk etmek istemeyen Hocal\u0131lar\u0131n hi\u00e7birini sa\u011f b\u0131rakmad\u0131klar\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n

    O d\u00f6nemde Ermenistanla yap\u0131lan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re siviller \u015fehri 100-300 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde bir koridorla terk etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken Ermeniler s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi bozmu\u015f, halk\u0131 makineli t\u00fcfekler ile \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, cesetlerine bile, tecav\u00fcz etmi\u015fler.<\/p>\n

    Ermenilerce i\u015flenen Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 hukuku ihlal etmekti ve Cenevre s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin 2, 3, 5, 9 ve 17. maddelerini ve (10 Aral\u0131k 1948 tarihinde BM Genel Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen) \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Bildirgesi’ni ihlal hi\u00e7e saymakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Hocal\u0131’da ak\u0131llara durgunluk veren zul\u00fcm ve vah\u015filikle i\u015flenen kanl\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m eylemi, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda, Azerbaycan ve Azerbaycan tarihinin bir yaras\u0131 olan en korkun\u00e7 trajedilerden biridir. Bug\u00fcn Azerbaycan devleti, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 arenada bilinmesi, d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve tarafs\u0131z bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ulusal mahkemelere ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermektedir. Biz T\u00fcrk milleti olarak halk\u0131m\u0131za yap\u0131lan Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, birle\u015fmeliyiz ve elimizden geleni esirgememeliyiz. Ben T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki t\u00fcm sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine, y\u00fcce T\u00fcrk halk\u0131na sesleniyorum- l\u00fctfen, Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalmay\u0131n. Ermenilerin, Van\u2019da, Karsta, I\u011fd\u0131r\u2019da halk\u0131m\u0131za yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 unuttu\u011fumuz gibi, Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da unutmayal\u0131m. De\u011finmek istedi\u011fim konu ise Hocal\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na, \u201ckatliam, facia\u201d demek do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Bu bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. BM\u2019nin soyk\u0131r\u0131mla ilgili kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 bir daha hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m: BM’ye g\u00f6re Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/p>\n

    \u201cUlusal, etnik, \u0131rksal ve dinsel bir gurubun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn, ya da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yok edilmesi niyeti ile giri\u015filen \u015fu hareketlerden herhangi biridir Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Grubun \u00fcyelerinin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n
    2. Grubun \u00fcyelerine ciddi bedensel, ya da zihinsel hasar verilmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n
    3. Grubun ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n, gurubun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne ya da bir k\u0131sm\u0131na getirece\u011fi y\u0131k\u0131m hesaplanarak kasti olarak bozulmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n
    4. Grubun i\u00e7inde do\u011fumlar\u0131 engelleyecek y\u00f6ntemlerin uygulanmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n
    5. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n zorla bir guruptan al\u0131n\u0131p bir di\u011ferine verilmesi!\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Siyasi bilimci
      \n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ramiya Mammadova<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \"G\u00c3\u00b6r\u00c3\u00bcnt\u00c3\u00bcn\u00c3\u00bcn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ramiya Mammadova \u201cBM’ye g\u00f6re Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tan\u0131m\u0131: \u201cUlusal, etnik, \u0131rksal ve dinsel bir gurubun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn, ya da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yok edilmesi niyeti ile giri\u015filen \u015fu hareketlerden herhangi biridir Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131: Grubun \u00fcyelerinin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi; Grubun \u00fcyelerine ciddi bedensel,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2501,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turk-dunyasi-haberleri"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/ramiya.jpg?fit=960%2C638&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc3fMN-Ek","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2500"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2500\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2500"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bulturk.org.tr\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}